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Normally, the rack of the power steering rack should not move excessively. The purpose of the rack design is to fix the steering rack so that it can move smoothly during the steering operation and provide assistance to the driver through a hydraulic or electric power system.

Energy saving and high efficiency Compared with hydraulic power steering systems, electric rack and pinion systems do not rely on the engine to drive the hydraulic pump, but are powered by electric motors.

After turning off the power, it is recommended to wait a few minutes to ensure that the electric steering system is completely powered off. This step is critical to the smooth progress of the reset process and ensure that the electronic control unit (ECU) inside the system no longer retains any cache or error codes.

Single Lever Steering Systems The earliest automotive steering systems were very simple, usually using a single lever to control the direction. This design is similar to the steering principle of a ship's rudder or a horse-drawn carriage, which achieves the steering of the vehicle by changing the angle of the front wheels.

If the EPS warning light is on, it is recommended to use a car diagnostic instrument to read the fault code. The fault code can help determine the specific cause of the fault and guide the maintenance personnel to prescribe the right medicine.

Hydraulic power steering is a technology that BMW has traditionally adopted on a large scale. This system generates hydraulic pressure through a hydraulic pump driven by the engine belt, which then delivers hydraulic oil to the steering rack and pinion system through an oil pipe.

If the noise comes from the front of the vehicle, especially near the wheel or chassis, and is accompanied by hydraulic hum, gear jamming, or hydraulic oil leakage, the problem is most likely with the power steering rack or power steering system.

Spur gears are the most common type of gears, with a straight tooth shape and a tooth surface parallel to the rotation axis of the gear. Spur gears are mainly used to transmit power between parallel axes. In a rack and pinion system, spur gears usually mesh with racks to convert rotational motion into linear motion.

Hydraulic steering systems require a higher maintenance frequency, so the failure rate may be higher if they are used for a long time or are not properly maintained. Electric steering systems rely on electronic components, which have a lower failure rate, but are more difficult and costly to repair.

Steering power reduction or failure When the hydraulic oil deteriorates, the viscosity increases and the fluidity deteriorates, which will cause the working efficiency of the hydraulic pump to decrease, thereby weakening the hydraulic steering rack power.