The manual steering system, also known as the mechanical steering system, is the earliest automotive steering technology. It transmits the rotational motion of the steering wheel to the wheels of the vehicle through a physical connection. The power steering system is developed on the basis of the manual steering system.

When the rack and pinion system fails, the vehicle's driving trajectory may be abnormal. For example, the vehicle may deviate from the straight driving trajectory even if the steering wheel is in the neutral position.

In the current automotive market, hydraulic power steering systems (HPS) and electronic hydraulic power steering systems (EHPS) are still widely used, and both systems rely on power steering pumps.

HPS racks are more common in large vehicles and some high-performance models that focus on driving experience. These types of vehicles have high requirements for the durability, reliability and steering feel of the steering system, and the HPS system has obvious advantages in this regard.

The power steering rack is connected to the steering gear and steering wheel, and is responsible for converting the driver's steering instructions into actual steering actions of the wheels. Traditional mechanical steering requires a lot of force, while the power steering makes steering easier.

The steering pump is responsible for providing sufficient pressure to the entire hydraulic system to ensure that the hydraulic oil can effectively push the steering rack. However, when the performance of the steering pump declines, the flow rate and pressure of the hydraulic oil will be affected.

The reasons for stiff power steering are: 1. Insufficient or leaking hydraulic steering oil 2. Power steering pump failure 3. Steering rack wear or damage 4. Hydraulic oil quality problems 5. Belt problems 6. Air entering the hydraulic system 7. Tire problems

If your vehicle is equipped with a hydraulic power steering system, the condition of the hydraulic oil is crucial. Over time, the hydraulic oil may become dirty, lose viscosity, or even bubble, resulting in a decrease in the efficiency of the steering system. Therefore, regularly checking the quality of the hydraulic oil is the key to maintaining soft steering.

The most common way to drive the power steering pump is through the engine's belt system. Traditional hydraulic power steering pumps are usually driven by the engine's belt. The engine belt is connected to the crankshaft of the engine. As the engine runs, the belt drives the shaft of the power steering pump to rotate, so that the pump works.

The manual steering system relies entirely on mechanical transmission, and there is no power steering device in the system. The steering force is directly applied by the driver and transmitted to the wheels, so there is no need for a power steering pump.